Carbon
![](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/test-assets/CarbonSecondaryHero(1).jpg)
13% Decrease
In carbon intensity since 2022
In since 2022
Learn more about our 2023 carbon footprint and how we’re addressing decarbonization challenges.
Learn more about our 2023 carbon footprint and how we’re addressing decarbonization challenges.
473 Signatories
42 Countries
59 Industries
Carbon‑Free Energy
![Two people standing on top of a wind turbine with hills and more turbines in the background.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/2-carbon-free-energy/CarbonFreeHero.jpg)
In 2019, we set an ambitious goal to match 100% of the electricity we use with renewable energy by 2030
In 2019, we set an to match 100% of the electricity we use with renewable energy by 2030
We are proud to have achieved this goal in 2023, seven years early, with 100% of the electricity consumed by Amazon matched with renewableenergy sources
We are proud to have achieved this goal in 2023, seven years early, with 100% of the electricity consumed by Amazon matched with renewableenergy sources
Packaging
![Stacks of flattened cardboard boxes.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/3-packaging/PackagingHero.jpg)
Reduction in average per‑shipment packaging weight in the U.S., Canada, and the EU since 2015, representing 3 million metric tons of packaging material avoided
- As of June 2024
95%
Of plastic air pillows removed from delivery packaging in North America, working toward full removal by end of 2024
80K+
Metric tons of single‑use plastic packaging avoided globally since 2020
99.7%
Of mixed‑material mailers, which contain both plastic and paper, replaced with recyclable paper alternatives in the U.S. and Canada
Waste and Circularity
![A gloved hand holding a card that reads, "Thanks to you, this product has a second life," with an Amazon logo.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/4-waste-and-circularity/WasteAndCircularity-Hero.png)
75% reduction in food waste intensity in Europe operations, and 28% reduction in food waste intensity in U.S. operations, compared to a 2021 baseline
75% reduction in in Europe operations, and 28% reduction in food waste intensity in U.S. operations, compared to a 2021 baseline
All final assembly sites worldwide for Echo, Kindle, Fire tablet, FireTV devices, cables, and adapters achieved UL’s Zero Waste to Landfill certification at Silver or better
![A small electronic device next to a cardboard box with an Amazon logo.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/4-waste-and-circularity/WnCFloating4.png)
![Hands packing a cleaning spray bottle into a cardboard box, with packing materials, a box cutter, and tape nearby.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/4-waste-and-circularity/WnCFloating5.png)
![Two circular objects, one green and one purple, on a machine with various materials in the background.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/4-waste-and-circularity/WnCFloating6.png)
![An electronic device, a coiled cable, and a paper with a box design on a cutting mat.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/4-waste-and-circularity/WnCFloating7.png)
Amazon works with companies such as Windex to help re‑engineer their packaging to qualify for the Ships in Product Packaging program.
AWS Circular Economy
AWS embraces circular economy principles for its server racks by designing reusable and lower‑carbon rack systems from the outset. AWS works to keep equipment operating efficiently and to recover value from securely decommissioned equipment through reuse, repair, and recycling.
14.6M
AWS hardware components were diverted from landfills by being recycled or sold into the secondary market for reuse
AWS hardware components were diverted from landfills by being recycled or sold into the secondary market for reuse
Our Amazon Second Chance Program helps customers give their items a second life.
Water
![Aerial view of a forested area with a river flowing into a large body of water.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/5-water/WaterHero1.jpg)
41%
Of the way toward meeting its water positive goal
0.18
Liters of water per kilowatt‑hour (L/kWh) water use effectiveness (WUE) for AWS data centers, a 5% improvement from 2022 and a 28% improvement from 2021, demonstrating AWS’s leadership in water use effectiveness among cloud providers
3.5B
Liters of water returned to communities from replenishment projects in 2023
690K
People provided with clean water and sanitation through AWS and Amazon partnerships with Water.org and WaterAid
People provided with clean water and sanitation through AWS and Amazon partnerships with Water.org and WaterAid
Value Chain
![Aerial view of a blue truck driving on a road surrounded by green fields.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/6-value-chain/ValueChainNew (1).png)
Amazon Sustainability Exchange
We launched the Sustainability Solutions Hub in 2023 for Amazon selling partners in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, and the U.S.
![A person in a hard hat and high-visibility vest standing near solar panels.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/6-value-chain/ValueChainHorizontal1.png)
![A person standing outside a greenhouse, observing the greenery inside.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/6-value-chain/ValueChainHorizontal2-v2.png)
![Aerial view of wind turbines on a hillside with winding dirt roads.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/6-value-chain/ValueChainHorizontal3.png)
![A person walking through a greenhouse filled with various plants.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/6-value-chain/ValueChainHorizontal4.png)
In 2023, over 200,000 selling partners participated in Amazon's sustainability programs.
In 2023, over 200,000 selling partners participated in Amazon's sustainability programs.
Human Rights
![A group of people sitting around a table having a discussion.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/7-human-rights/HRHero.jpg)
Our Progress
We strive to embed our human rights principles in employees' everyday work by offering training curricula.
![A person sewing fabric on a sewing machine.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/7-human-rights/HRHrz1.png)
![Women employees using computers in an office environment in Bengaluru, India.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/7-human-rights/HumanRights-Horizontal-02.png)
![A woman in an orange vest standing in a warehouse.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/7-human-rights/HumanRights-Horizontal-03.png)
![A person smiling while working at a sewing machine in a garment factory.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/7-human-rights/HRHrz4.png)
Employees at an Amazon supplier in Bengaluru, India.
In 2023, we launched an online training, available to all Amazon employees, intended to raise awareness on the importance of the company’s commitment to human rights.
In 2023, we launched an online training, available to all Amazon employees, intended to raise awareness on the importance of the company’s commitment to human rights.
Responsible Supply Chain
![A worker in mask working on assembling green furniture.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/8-responsible-supply-chain/ResponsibleSuppyChain-Hero.png)
Our Progress
Supplier Diversity
Sustainable Products and Materials
![Hands operating a machine with a black panel.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/9-sustainable-products-and-materials/SPMHero.jpg)
1.4M+
Products recognized by certifications in our Climate Pledge Friendly program available to customers for purchase, a 157% increase from 2022
Nearly 37.6M
Amazon customers switched to a product recognized by certifications in our Climate Pledge Friendly program
1.16B
Items sold that are recognized by certifications in our Climate Pledge Friendly program, a 42% increase from 2022
100%
Of Amazon private brands paper products in North America and Europe are either recycled or certified to Forest Stewardship Council, Sustainable Forestry Initiative, or Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification standards Learn more about our materials and agricultural commodities sourcing
Of Amazon private brands paper products in North America and Europe are either recycled or certified to Forest Stewardship Council, Sustainable Forestry Initiative, or Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification standards Learn more about our materials and agricultural commodities sourcing
Community Impact
![Workers in a warehouse packing items into boxes.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/10-community-impact/CommHero.jpg)
$1.8B
Invested at the end of 2023, up from $1.6 billion at the end of 2022
Nearly 16K
Affordable homes created or preserved
Nearly 35K
Residents supported through these efforts
Our Actions
Employees
![Two people working on laptops in a greenery-filled indoor space.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/11-employees/EmployeesHero.jpg)
358K+ U.S. employees have participated in upskilling programs since we announced our Upskilling Pledge in 2019
358K+ U.S. employees have participated in upskilling programs since we announced our Upskilling Pledge in 2019
Nearly 18K refugees hired in the U.S. in 2023
100.4K+ U.S. military veterans and military spouses hired by the end of January 2024
Health and Safety
![Person in a red shirt working in a warehouse with yellow shelves.](/content/dam/sustainability-annual-reports/2023-sustainability-report/final-optimized-images/12-health-and-safety/HealthAndSafetyHero.jpg)
60%
Improvement in global operations over the past four years and 16% improvement from 2022
30%
Improvement in global operations over the past four years and 8% improvement from 2022
Nearly 6.3M
Site inspections conducted globally, a 152% increase from the 2.5 million conducted in 2020
200K+
Employee safety observations successfully actioned to make our sites safer
Latest reports
2023 Sustainability Report
2023 Executive Summary
2023 Sustainability Report: AWS Summary
Carbon intensity at Amazon is measured as grams of CO₂e per dollar of gross merchandise sales (CO₂e/$GMS).
This goal includes all data centers, logistics facilities, physical stores, and corporate offices, as well as on‑site charging points and our financially integrated subsidiaries.
In 2023, we included new programs in the scope for this metric. With inclusion of the new programs, the amount of packaging we avoided has increased. We previously reported saving more than 2 million metric tons from 2015 through 2022, but with the inclusion of the additional programs, actual savings was more than 3 million metric tons in 2022 and more than 4 million in 2023.
Food waste intensity is a measure of food waste as a percentage of total food handled by weight.
UL’s Zero Waste to Landfill methodology defines Silver level sites as those diverting 90% to 94% and Gold level sites as those diverting 95% to 99% of waste.
A diverse supplier is a business at least 51% owned and operated by an individual or group that is part of a traditionally underrepresented or underserved group. Certified means the supplier holds a valid certificate from one of five major U.S. supplier diversity agencies: National Minority Supplier Development Council or regional affiliate, Women’s Business Enterprise National Council or regional affiliate, National LGBT Chamber of Commerce, National Veteran Business Development Council, or Disability:IN. Certified Tier 1 diverse suppliers are companies that Amazon pays directly for goods and services and are certified by an Amazon‑recognized agency.
The total spend comprises the direct, indirect, and induced spend. Direct spend denotes spend at small and diverse suppliers. Indirect impact denotes spend to the businesses that suppliers (and their suppliers) purchase goods and services from. Induced spend denotes spend generated in communities of suppliers’ employees. This measures the purchases through these employees and jobs supported through these purchases.
Certified Tier 2 diverse businesses are businesses that provide goods and services to Amazon’s Tier 1 suppliers.
Includes any work‑related injury that requires someone to take time away from work (the most serious injuries).
Includes any work‑related injury that requires more than basic first aid treatment.